[Modern achievements of the functional diagnostics in dentistry]. / Sovremennye dostizheniya funktsional'noi diagnostiki v stomatologii.

The article presents the development of functional research methods in the maxillofacial region, methods of their application and the results of scientific research on the study of the neuromuscular balance of the masticatory muscles with defects and deformations in the maxillofacial region. Methods of blood circulation research (laser doppler flowmetry, ultrasound dopplerography, computer capillaroscopy) have been developed and implemented in the tissues of the maxillofacial region: periodontal, tooth pulp, in the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge, which allowed us to study the mechanisms of disease pathogenesis and monitor the effectiveness of treatment in the maxillofacial region.

[Dental rehabilitation in the complex treatment of children and adolescents with maxillofacial neoplasms]. / Stomatologicheskaya reabilitatsiya v kompleksnom lechenii detei i podrostkov s novoobrazovaniyami chelyustno-litsevoi oblasti.

THE PURPOSE: Of the study was to improve algorithms and methods of complex dental rehabilitation of children and adolescents with maxillofacial neoplasms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-seven patients aged from 2 to 17 years (average age 10.43±4.56; 30 boys, 37 girls) underwent complex rehabilitation as a part of neoplasm treatment (40 benign, 27 malignant). Patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 aged 2 to 7 years; group 2 aged 8 to 12 years; group 3 aged 13 to 17 years. RESULTS: Structural integrity of upper and lower jaws was reconstructed using vascularized bone flaps (27 cases), non-vascularized bone flaps (5 cases), titanium reconstructive plates (11 cases) or individual titanium endoprostheses of the temporomandibular joint (2 cases). Orthodontic, orthopedic and surgical dental treatment was performed at all stages of rehabilitation of patients and had its own characteristics depending on the group affiliation. CONCLUSION: Algorithms for dental rehabilitation of children and adolescents with maxillofacial neoplasms have been improved on the base of performed treatment.

[Achievement of consensus and standardization of methods in dentistry on the example of studies of support reactions (posturography, stabilometry)]. / Dostizhenie konsensusa i standartizatsiia metodov v stomatologii na primere issledovanii opornykh reaktsii (posturografii, stabilometrii).

Comprehensive treatment of dental pathology involves a multidisciplinary integration of doctors, the use of general physiological control methods and correction of human conditions, such as study of support reactions (on the stabilometric platform). Participation of dentists in the public scientific-methodological initiative 'Moscow consensus on the use of stabilometry and biofeedback for the support reactions in public health practice and research' increases the efficiency of application of this method in dentistry and the development of relationships with other practical areas.

[Relationship between masticatory muscles activity and motor cortex activation during treatment of patients with distal malocclusion]. / Vzaimosviaz' izmeneniia aktivnosti zhevatel'nykh myshts i motornykh zon kory golovnogo mozga pri lechenii patsientov s distal'noi okkliuziei.

The processes of neuroplasticity of the motor cortex of the brain were evaluated in the treatment of 20 (12 women and 8 men) patients aged 18-35 years (22.5±1.5 years) with distal occlusion using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), as well as comparison of surface myography (EMG) data to assess the adaptive capabilities of the tooth-jaw system and the central nervous system against the background of orthodontic correction. Correction of distal occlusion was carried out using ceramic braces 'Damon' (f. 'Ormco', USA). The advancement of the lower jaw forward with bite enhancement was carried out using the Twin force device ('Ortho Orgonizers GmbH', Germany). The study was conducted in five stages: 1) before orthodontic correction; 2) before installing the Twin force device; 3) after anterior displacement of the lower jaw and bite enhancement on the Twin force device; 4) after removing the brackets; 5) 1.5 months after the treatment. FMRI proved to be a useful tool for orthodontic treatment efficacy assessment and neuromuscular adaptation of maxillofacial structures to changing functional status.

[Changes of postural statusa in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment]. / Izmenenie postural'nogo statusa pri ortodonticheskom lechenii narushenii prikusa.

The study objective was to determinate variations of stato-dynamical functional markers of postural balance system in the process of malocclusion treatment. Twenty patients aged from 14 to 30 years with class II malocclusion were recruited for this prospective study. All patients underwent electromyography of mm. temporalis and mm. maseter in rest and at maximal jaws pressure. Postural balance was evaluated by stabilometry platform and body's regions relationship was assessed by computer optical topography. Orthodontic interventions included using occlusal splint, dental straps or 'TwinForce' device. There were two diagnostic sessions: before and after one month of orthodontic treatment. The majority of patients after anterior dislocation of mandible demonstrated significant increase in unilateral masticatory muscles activity (р<0.05) which correlated with iliac crest position. According to computerized topography data superior iliac crest position was registered in opposite side with regard to muscle hypertonia. According to stabilometry data forward translation of the mandible resulted in retroversion of total pressure point projection (р<0.05). Asymmetric muscle working in the process of occlusal adjustment may provoke postural imbalance in distal body regions. It dictates postural system condition monitoring during orthodontic treatment.

[Correlation of bioelectric activity of maxillofacial muscles with postural status and chewing function in patients with disocclusion].

The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between the activity and the function of the maxillofacial muscles and the postural status in patients with the Class II malocclusions. The study revealed posture stabilizing function of sterno-cleido-mastoid muscles and interference of postural and maxillofacial muscles. In addition in class II patients asymmetric masticatory dysfunctions were identified.

[Some issues of the relevant values of stabilometric study in dentistry].

New stabilometry value associated with energy consumption of the examinee is proposed and clinical case illustrating its use for complex prosthodontic treatment quality assessment. Need for national guidelines on stabilometry for dental practice is also discussed.